Mesopotamia
Ancient Mesopotamia left a legacy of law,literature,engineering. See a video tour of this Remarkable Civilization. Mesopotamia "land between the rivers" is a name for the ancient Tigris–Euphrates region, largely corresponding to Iraq, and northeastern Syria. The urban history of Mesopotamia begins with the emergence of urban societies in northern Iraq in the early 6th millennium BCE.Mesopotamia housed some of the world's most ancient states with highly developed social complexity. The region was famous as one of the four riverine civilizations where writing was first invented, along with the Nile valley in Egypt, the Indus Valley in the Indian Subcontinent and Yellow River valley in China.
Wikipedia Article About Mesopotamia - very informative